{"id":13283,"date":"2026-10-28T23:58:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T20:58:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/?p=13283"},"modified":"2026-10-29T17:40:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T14:40:30","slug":"calcium-pyruvate-benefits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/calcium-pyruvate-benefits\/","title":{"rendered":"Calcium Pyruvate Benefits: How Pyruvic Acid Fuels the Krebs Cycle, Spares Glycogen and Powers Endurance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- SCN\u2122 Ingredients Guide \u2014 02-calcium-pyruvate-benefits \u2014 target keyword: calcium pyruvate benefits \u2014 paste into WordPress (Text\/HTML tab) --><\/p>\n<style>\n.sa{--o:#F26A1B;--o2:#FF8C42;--od:#C24F0A;--ol:#FFF3EA;--ink:#1F1F1F;--mut:#5B5B5B;--line:#F3D9C6;font-family:inherit;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.65;max-width:900px;margin:0 auto}\n.sa *{box-sizing:border-box}.sa h1,.sa h2,.sa h3,.sa h4{line-height:1.25;margin:0 0 .5em;color:var(--ink)}\n.sa h1{font-size:2.2rem}.sa h2{font-size:1.75rem;margin-top:1.8em;padding-top:.6em;border-top:3px solid var(--ol)}.sa h3{font-size:1.3rem;margin-top:1.3em}.sa h4{font-size:1.05rem;color:var(--od);margin-top:0}\n.sa p{margin:0 0 1em}.sa .eyebrow{display:inline-block;background:var(--ol);color:var(--od);font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.75rem;padding:.3em .9em;border-radius:999px;border:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:.8em}\n.sa .hero{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#1F1F1F 0%,#3a2416 55%,var(--od) 100%);color:#fff;padding:2.2rem 2rem;border-radius:18px;margin:0 0 1.6rem}.sa .hero h1{color:#fff}.sa .hero p{color:#ffe6d4;font-size:1.08rem}.sa .hero .eyebrow{background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);color:#ffcfae;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.25)}\n.sa .quick{background:var(--ol);border-left:6px solid var(--o);border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;padding:1rem 1.3rem;margin:1.2rem 0}.sa .quick b{color:var(--od)}\n.sa .btn{display:inline-block;background:var(--o);color:#fff!important;font-weight:800;padding:.8em 1.5em;border-radius:999px;text-decoration:none!important;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(242,106,27,.35)}.sa .btn:hover{background:var(--od)}\n.sa .cta{background:var(--ol);border:2px dashed var(--o2);border-radius:16px;padding:1.4rem;text-align:center;margin:2rem 0}.sa .cta h3{margin-top:0}.sa .cta p{margin-bottom:.9rem}\n.sa .cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(250px,1fr));gap:.9rem;margin:1rem 0 1.4rem}.sa .cards div{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:4px solid var(--o);border-radius:12px;padding:1rem 1.1rem}.sa .cards div p{margin:0;font-size:.95rem;color:var(--mut)}\n.sa .study{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:5px solid var(--o);border-radius:10px;padding:.9rem 1.1rem;margin:.7rem 0}.sa .study b{color:var(--od)}.sa .study small{color:var(--mut);display:block;margin-top:.3em}\n.sa table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:1rem 0 1.4rem;font-size:.95rem}.sa th{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;text-align:left;padding:.65em .9em}.sa td{padding:.6em .9em;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}.sa tr:nth-child(even) td{background:#fffaf6}.sa td a{color:var(--od);font-weight:700}\n.sa .aud{border-left:4px solid var(--o);padding:.2rem 0 .2rem 1.1rem;margin:1.2rem 0}.sa .aud h3{margin-top:0}\n.sa .faq details{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:.85rem 1.1rem;margin:.6rem 0;background:#fff}.sa .faq summary{font-weight:800;cursor:pointer}.sa .faq details[open]{background:var(--ol)}\n.sa .banner{background:var(--o);color:#fff;border-radius:14px;padding:1rem 1.4rem;margin:1.6rem 0;font-weight:700;font-size:1.1rem;text-align:center}\n.sa .refs{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--mut)}.sa .refs li{margin-bottom:.35em}.sa .fine{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--mut)}\n@media(max-width:640px){.sa h1{font-size:1.65rem}.sa .hero{padding:1.5rem 1.2rem}}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"sa\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<span class=\"eyebrow\">SCN\u2122 Ingredients Guide \u00b7 Krebs Cycle \u00b7 Energy | VO2Max<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>Calcium Pyruvate Benefits: How Pyruvic Acid Fuels the Krebs Cycle, Spares Glycogen and Powers Endurance<\/h1>\n<p>Pyruvate sits at the single most important crossroads in human energy metabolism: the end of glycolysis and the gateway to the Krebs cycle. Every gram of carbohydrate you burn aerobically passes through it. This guide explains what pyruvic acid does, why SCN\u2122 puts calcium pyruvate in seven different formulas, the 8 sport and 8 health benefits, and how to use it for your sport.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"quick\"><b>Quick answer:<\/b> The calcium pyruvate benefits come from its position in metabolism: calcium pyruvate is the stable salt of pyruvic acid, the molecule that feeds glucose into the mitochondria. Supplementing it supports aerobic energy production, glycogen sparing, fat oxidation, lactate handling and fatigue resistance. SCN\u2122 includes it in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/endurance-power-vo2-max-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Krebs Cycle Accelerator\u2074\u2070<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/creatine-endurance\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">CREndurance Active\u00b9\u00b3<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/lactate-lactic-acid\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Pre-Lactate Training Activator<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/vo2-max-beetroot\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Nitrate VO2 Maximizer\u00b9\u2077<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/mitochondria-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Mitochondrial Activator\u00b9\u2077<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/electrolytes-hydration\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbo\u2076-Lytes\u00b9\u00b9<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/sodium-bicarbonate-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Bicarb-Lytes\u00b9\u2070 Zero<\/a>.<\/div>\n<h2>What is pyruvic acid and what is calcium pyruvate?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Pyruvic acid (pyruvate)<\/strong> is a three-carbon keto acid. Glycolysis splits one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, releasing two ATP along the way. What happens next decides whether you are an aerobic or an anaerobic athlete in that moment: pyruvate can be converted to <strong>acetyl-CoA<\/strong> and enter the Krebs cycle to produce ~30 more ATP with oxygen, or \u2014 when oxygen or mitochondrial capacity is insufficient \u2014 be converted to <strong>lactate<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Free pyruvic acid is unstable and acidic, so supplements use <strong>calcium pyruvate<\/strong>: a neutral, stable salt that is roughly 65% pyruvate and 15% calcium. The calcium is a bonus for athletes \u2014 it contributes to muscle contraction, nerve signalling and bone.<\/p>\n<h2>How does pyruvate work in the body? Five actions<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards\">\n<div>\n<h4>1 \u00b7 Krebs cycle entry<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA \u2014 the first molecule of the Krebs cycle. More substrate, faster flux.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>2 \u00b7 Anaplerosis<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate carboxylase turns pyruvate into oxaloacetate, &#8220;refilling&#8221; the cycle&#8217;s intermediates that are drained during long exercise.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>3 \u00b7 Glucose\u2013alanine cycle<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate accepts nitrogen from muscle amino-acid breakdown (forming alanine), carrying ammonia safely to the liver.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>4 \u00b7 Lactate equilibrium<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate \u21cc lactate is reversible; supplying pyruvate supports the redox balance (NAD\u207a\/NADH) that lets glycolysis keep running.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>5 \u00b7 Fat oxidation signal<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate supports mitochondrial fat utilisation, sparing muscle glycogen for when you need it most.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What are the 8 sport benefits of calcium pyruvate? (Calcium pyruvate benefits for athletes)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards\">\n<div>\n<h4>1 \u00b7 Improved endurance capacity<\/h4>\n<p>In the landmark Stanko trials, pyruvate-based supplementation increased arm and leg endurance time to exhaustion by around 20%.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>2 \u00b7 Glycogen sparing<\/h4>\n<p>Better fat and pyruvate utilisation leaves more muscle glycogen for the decisive final third of a race.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>3 \u00b7 Faster Krebs cycle turnover<\/h4>\n<p>Direct substrate delivery supports aerobic ATP production at threshold intensities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>4 \u00b7 Better lactate handling<\/h4>\n<p>Supports the pyruvate\u2013lactate balance and the clearance of lactate back into fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>5 \u00b7 Ammonia transport<\/h4>\n<p>Via alanine formation, pyruvate helps move fatigue-causing ammonia out of the muscle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>6 \u00b7 Sustained energy<\/h4>\n<p>Athletes describe a steadier, less &#8220;spiky&#8221; energy supply during long efforts.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>7 \u00b7 Lean-mass support<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate supports fat loss while preserving lean tissue in controlled trials.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>8 \u00b7 Calcium for contraction<\/h4>\n<p>Each dose supplies 15% elemental calcium \u2014 essential for every muscle contraction and nerve impulse.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cta\">\n<h3>Pyruvate at full dose, with the cofactors to use it<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/endurance-power-vo2-max-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Krebs Cycle Accelerator\u2074\u2070<\/a> gives 1400 mg calcium pyruvate plus thiamine, R-ALA, B2, B3, B5 and ubiquinol \u2014 the full Krebs-cycle toolkit in one sachet.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/endurance-power-vo2-max-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Shop Krebs Cycle Accelerator\u2074\u2070 \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<h2>What are the 8 health benefits of pyruvate?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards\">\n<div>\n<h4>1 \u00b7 Supports healthy body composition<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate has been studied for fat loss with preservation of lean mass alongside diet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>2 \u00b7 Antioxidant action<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate directly neutralises hydrogen peroxide \u2014 a built-in cellular antioxidant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>3 \u00b7 Mitochondrial efficiency<\/h4>\n<p>Optimal pyruvate supply supports mitochondrial function and cellular energy with age.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>4 \u00b7 Blood sugar handling<\/h4>\n<p>Pyruvate participates in gluconeogenesis and glucose cycling, supporting metabolic flexibility.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>5 \u00b7 Cardiovascular energy<\/h4>\n<p>The heart is a highly oxidative organ that relies on pyruvate and fatty acids for its ATP.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>6 \u00b7 Supports healthy lipid metabolism<\/h4>\n<p>Early trials reported favourable changes in blood lipids with pyruvate supplementation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>7 \u00b7 Bone and nerve calcium<\/h4>\n<p>The calcium fraction contributes to normal bones, teeth and neurotransmission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h4>8 \u00b7 Brain fuel<\/h4>\n<p>Neurons run almost entirely on pyruvate-derived acetyl-CoA; stable supply supports mental energy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What does the research say about pyruvate?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"study\"><b>Stanko et al. \u2014 endurance up ~20%.<\/b> Seven days of pyruvate\/dihydroxyacetone supplementation increased arm-ergometer endurance time by 20% and leg endurance in untrained men, attributed to greater glucose extraction by muscle.<small>Stanko RT et al., J Appl Physiol 1990;68:119-124 and 1990;69:1651-1656<\/small><\/div>\n<div class=\"study\"><b>Body composition.<\/b> In controlled dietary trials, pyruvate supplementation increased fat loss while preserving lean tissue compared with placebo.<small>Stanko RT et al., Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:630-635<\/small><\/div>\n<div class=\"study\"><b>Why cofactors matter.<\/b> Pyruvate dehydrogenase requires thiamine pyrophosphate (B1), lipoic acid, FAD (B2), NAD\u207a (B3) and coenzyme A (B5). SCN\u2122 formulas supply pyruvate <em>with<\/em> these cofactors, and offers a dedicated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/thiamine-pyrophosphate\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA Booster<\/a> (thiamine pyrophosphate) for athletes who want to maximise this step.<small>Mechanistic biochemistry; see Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry<\/small><\/div>\n<p class=\"fine\">Note: later studies using lower doses (\u22647 g) for short periods showed smaller or no effects on endurance, which is why SCN\u2122 positions pyruvate as a Krebs-cycle substrate within complete formulas rather than a stand-alone ergogenic.<\/p>\n<h2>Which SCN\u2122 products contain calcium pyruvate?<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Product<\/th>\n<th>Calcium pyruvate per dose<\/th>\n<th>Role in the formula<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/endurance-power-vo2-max-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Krebs Cycle Accelerator\u2074\u2070<\/a><\/td>\n<td>1400 mg (910 mg pyruvic acid)<\/td>\n<td>Krebs-cycle substrate in the 40-ingredient VO2 max formula, with B1\/R-ALA cofactors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/creatine-endurance\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">CREndurance Active\u00b9\u00b3<\/a><\/td>\n<td>1500 mg<\/td>\n<td>Aerobic fuel alongside 9 g creatine, 3 g beta-alanine and a 4-mineral buffer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/lactate-lactic-acid\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Pre-Lactate Training Activator<\/a><\/td>\n<td>2000 mg (1300 mg pyruvic acid)<\/td>\n<td>Highest dose \u2014 delays lactate accumulation with carnosine, beta-alanine, betaine, OKG and ribose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/vo2-max-beetroot\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Nitrate VO2 Maximizer\u00b9\u2077<\/a><\/td>\n<td>1200 mg<\/td>\n<td>Pairs pyruvate with nitrate, beetroot, D-ribose and adaptogens for oxygen delivery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/mitochondria-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Mitochondrial Activator\u00b9\u2077<\/a><\/td>\n<td>580 mg<\/td>\n<td>Mitochondrial substrate with ubiquinol, NADH, D-ribose and OKG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/electrolytes-hydration\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbo\u2076-Lytes\u00b9\u00b9<\/a><\/td>\n<td>In the Lytes\u00b9\u00b9 mineral blend<\/td>\n<td>Calcium source and aerobic substrate in a carb + electrolyte drink<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/sodium-bicarbonate-supplement\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Bicarb-Lytes\u00b9\u2070 Zero<\/a><\/td>\n<td>500 mg<\/td>\n<td>One of 10 sports salts supporting buffering and mineral balance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"cta\">\n<h3>Delay lactate. Train at threshold longer.<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/lactate-lactic-acid\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Pre-Lactate Training Activator<\/a> carries SCN\u2122&#8217;s highest pyruvate dose \u2014 2000 mg \u2014 with carnosine, beta-alanine, betaine, OKG and 2500 mg D-ribose.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/product\/lactate-lactic-acid\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" rel=\"noopener\">Shop Pre-Lactate Training Activator \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<h2>Pyruvate for your sport<\/h2>\n<div class=\"aud\">\n<h3>\ud83c\udfc3 Runners<\/h3>\n<p>Threshold and tempo runs live at the pyruvate\u2013lactate crossroads. Pyruvate with buffering (Pre-Lactate) helps you hold threshold pace with less burn; Carbo\u2076-Lytes\u00b9\u00b9 keeps it flowing on long runs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aud\">\n<h3>\ud83d\udeb4 Cyclists<\/h3>\n<p>Hours of aerobic work drain Krebs-cycle intermediates. Pyruvate&#8217;s anaplerotic (refilling) role plus glycogen sparing matter most in stage races and long sportives. Nitrate VO2 Maximizer\u00b9\u2077 on hard days, Carbo\u2076-Lytes\u00b9\u00b9 in the bottle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aud\">\n<h3>\ud83c\udfca\u200d\u2642\ufe0f\ud83d\udeb4\ud83c\udfc3 Triathletes<\/h3>\n<p>Three fuel transitions in one race. Pyruvate supports fat oxidation on the bike and glycogen preservation for the run; Krebs Cycle Accelerator\u2074\u2070 before the start covers substrate, cofactors and oxygen delivery.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aud\">\n<h3>\ud83c\udfca Swimmers<\/h3>\n<p>Repeated 100\u2013400 m sets push pyruvate toward lactate. CREndurance Active\u00b9\u00b3 combines pyruvate with creatine, beta-alanine and a 4-mineral buffer so the set stays aerobic for longer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aud\">\n<h3>\ud83c\udfc5 Marathon runners<\/h3>\n<p>The marathon is a glycogen-management event. Pyruvate&#8217;s glycogen-sparing and fat-oxidation support, combined with Carbo\u2076-Lytes\u00b9\u00b9 carbohydrate and Bicarb-Lytes\u00b9\u2070 Zero salts, help push the wall further out.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>How much calcium pyruvate should I take?<\/h2>\n<p>Sports formulas typically deliver 500\u20132000 mg per serving, taken 30\u201345 minutes before training or sipped during long sessions in a drink mix. Because pyruvate works alongside thiamine, lipoic acid and B-vitamins, it is most effective in a complete formula \u2014 which is exactly how SCN\u2122 delivers it. Daily use is safe; mild GI discomfort at very high stand-alone doses (&gt;10 g) is the only reported side effect.<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions about pyruvate<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq\">\n<details>\n<summary>Is pyruvate the same as lactate?<\/summary>\n<p>No. Pyruvate is the product of glycolysis; lactate is what pyruvate becomes when it cannot enter the mitochondria fast enough. They interconvert constantly \u2014 supplying pyruvate supports the aerobic direction.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does calcium pyruvate help fat loss?<\/summary>\n<p>Controlled trials showed greater fat loss and preserved lean mass with pyruvate during calorie restriction. Effects are modest and work best with training and diet.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why combine pyruvate with thiamine?<\/summary>\n<p>The enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA depends on thiamine pyrophosphate. Without enough B1, extra pyruvate simply becomes lactate. SCN\u2122 includes B1 in every pyruvate formula and offers a stand-alone TPP booster.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is pyruvate doping-free?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. It is a normal human metabolite and not on the WADA list. All SCN\u2122 products are 100% doping-free.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can I take pyruvate every day?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. Doses in SCN\u2122 formulas (500\u20132000 mg) are well within the safe range for daily use.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"banner\">Pyruvate is where glucose becomes oxygen-powered energy. SCN\u2122 puts it in seven formulas \u2014 because every endurance athlete lives at that crossroads.<\/div>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"refs\">\n<li>Stanko RT et al. Enhanced leg exercise endurance with a high-carbohydrate diet and dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate. J Appl Physiol 1990;69:1651-1656.<\/li>\n<li>Stanko RT et al. Enhancement of arm exercise endurance capacity with dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate. J Appl Physiol 1990;68:119-124.<\/li>\n<li>Stanko RT et al. Body composition, energy utilization and nitrogen metabolism with a 4.25-MJ\/d low-energy diet supplemented with pyruvate. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:630-635.<\/li>\n<li>Morrison MA et al. Pyruvate ingestion for 7 days does not improve aerobic performance in well-trained individuals. J Appl Physiol 2000;89:549-556.<\/li>\n<li>Gray LR et al. Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014;71:2577-2604.<\/li>\n<li>Olek RA et al. Pyruvate supplementation and exercise. Int J Sports Med 2003;24:144-150.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"fine\"><em>This article is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for medical advice. Food supplements should not replace a varied, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SCN\u2122 Ingredients Guide \u00b7 Krebs Cycle \u00b7 Energy | VO2Max Calcium Pyruvate Benefits: How Pyruvic Acid Fuels the Krebs Cycle, Spares Glycogen and Powers Endurance Pyruvate sits at the single most important crossroads in human energy metabolism: the end of glycolysis and the gateway to the Krebs cycle. Every gram of carbohydrate you burn aerobically [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"page_builder":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-scn-power"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13283"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13384,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13283\/revisions\/13384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.s-c-nutrition.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}